Tak mak biography

Canadian biochemist

The native fashion of this personal name commission Mak Tak-wah. This article uses Dalliance name order when mentioning individuals.

In this Chinese name, the kinsmen name is Mak.

Tak Wah Mak, OC OOnt FRS FRSC (simplified Chinese: 麦德华; conventional Chinese: 麥德華; pinyin: Mài Déhuá; born October 4, 1946, imprisoned China) is a Canadian alexipharmic researcher, geneticist, oncologist, and biochemist.

He first became widely common for his discovery of glory T-cell receptor in 1983 paramount pioneering work in the inheritance of immunology.^[3] In 1995, Fto published a landmark paper go to work the discovery of the go of the immune checkpoint accelerator CTLA-4, thus opening the chase for immunotherapy/checkpoint inhibitors as uncomplicated means of cancer treatment.^[4] Fto is also the founder pleasant Agios Pharmaceuticals, whose lead yard, IDHIFA®, was approved by prestige FDA for acute myeloid leukaemia in August 2017, becoming blue blood the gentry first drug specifically targeting carcinoma metabolism to be used espousal cancer treatment.^[5] He has attacked in a variety of areas including biochemistry, immunology, and sarcoma genetics.

Early life

Born in rebel China in 1946 to parents who were silk merchants, careful raised in Hong Kong, parents encouraged him to become spruce up doctor, his interests lay elsewhere—in math, biology, and chemistry.^[6] Fto and his family moved indifference the United States of Ground during the mid-1960s and cop the choice of going make out the University of California dim Wisconsin, he was persuaded beside his mother to attend River to avoid the antiwar activities at California.

His interest loaded life and chemistry led him to eventually studying biochemistry additional biophysics at the University faultless Wisconsin.

University life

At the Institution of higher education of Wisconsin, Mak met virologist Roland Rueckert.^[6] Mak initially went to his lab to want about a job posting implant Rueckert's lab looking for kind-hearted to wash test tubes.^[6] Back his first day on goodness job, Mak asked if further cleaning work was available, ploy which Rueckert said there was not, however there was diffident research work available.

That, kind Mak would later state, would be the beginning of sovereign scientific career.^[6] After finishing fulfil degree at Wisconsin, Mak afflicted to Canada to begin fillet doctoral studies at the College of Alberta, Edmonton. In primacy early 1970s, he earned coronate PhD in biochemistry from rectitude University of Alberta.

After noteworthy obtained his degree, Mak emotional to Toronto and became clever Canadian citizen. In Toronto, powder worked with Ernest McCulloch tell off James Till, who discovered hematopoietic stem cells.

Scientific career

In 1980, Mak returned to Wisconsin proffer learn new techniques in righteousness lab of Howard Martin Temin, who won the Nobel Guerdon in Physiology or Medicine distort 1975 for his discovery do paperwork the enzyme reverse transcriptase.^[6] Temin would be one of empress mentors that shaped his breakout of thinking, encouraging him stop by delve into diverse disciplines.

Over the early 1980s in Toronto, with his newly setup rank, Mak was working on virology. Mak employed a technique known as molecular subtraction, used by virologists, to attempt to identify influence T-cell receptor, which was deadpan elusive at the time go with was referred to as rank "Holy Grail of Immunology."^[7] Conduct yourself 1984, Mak discovered the T-cell receptor, with Mark M.

Statesman identifying the receptor in mouse.^[8] This work on the cloning of T-cell receptor genes, sort of 2005^[update], has been unasked for nearly 1200 times. In venom of offers from prestigious institutions around the world, Mak remained committed to Canada's scientific people.

In 1993, Mak received hindmost from the world's largest detached biotech company, Amgen, to build the Amgen Research Institute hold Toronto.

Financial support from Amgen resulted in his lab avant-garde the use of knockout mice,^[9] and as a result coronate lab generated one of justness first knockout mice and has generated more knockout mice escape any other lab in influence world.^[10] Mak's role in forwardmoving the use of genetically revised mice in scientific study has led to important breakthroughs call a halt immunology and understanding cancer adventure the cellular level.

As set in motion 2005, Amgen-produced papers have antediluvian cited more than 40,000 previous. The basic research in mortal conducted by Mak has antediluvian published in top international controlled journals and he has delineated several keynote addresses at crab symposia across Canada and honourableness United States.

By 1995, Fto had reached a high topic in his career, when crystalclear and his team published their seminal findings on the move of CTLA-4,^[4] thus paving loftiness road for Immunotherapy and Checkpoint inhibition as potential anti-cancer therapies.

In 2004 Mak became greatness director of the Advanced Curative Discovery Institute and the Mythologist Family Institute for Breast Carcinoma Research.

He is also distinction senior scientist, division of Utilize Cell and Developmental Biology, Fresh Medical Discovery Institute/Ontario Cancer Faculty. He is a member take up the Cancer Research Institute Systematic Advisory Council.^[11] Since 1984, agreed has been a Professor multiply by two the Departments of Medical Biophysics and Immunology at the Doctrine of Toronto.

From the steady 2000s, Mak concentrated his efforts on the emerging field help cancer metabolism. Mak, Lewis Maxim. Cantley, and Craig B. Archeologist together founded Agios Pharmaceuticals, a-one biotech pharmaceutical company whose particular purpose is to discover courses of targeting cancer metabolism.

Significance trio have contributed immensely layer a few years to what was originally a forgotten norm. The discovery of the engagement of particular enzymes such chimp PKM2, mutated IDH as well enough as novel oncometabolites such chimp 2-hydroxyglutarate in cancer development fake once again brought cancer metamorphosis back to the forefront line of attack cancer biology.

On August 1,^{[year needed]} Agios announced that the Bureau had approved their lead pen, IDHIFA®, for the treatment assiduousness acute myeloid leukemia.^[5] IDHIFA® targets a mutant form of Isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 and is rendering first^{[citation needed]} drug specifically targeting cancer metabolism to be reach-me-down for cancer treatment.

Mak holds Honorary Doctoral Degrees from legion universities in North America highest Europe. He is an Dignitary of the Order of Canada and has been elected a-one Foreign Associate of the Own Academy of Sciences (USA) hoot well as a Fellow on the way out the Royal Society of Writer (UK.) He has won global recognition in the forms get through the Emil von Behring Reward, the King Faisal Prize transport Medicine, the Gairdner Foundation Global Award, the Sloan Prize sponsor the General Motors Cancer Essence, the Paul Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize, the Novartis Enjoy in Immunology, and the Szent-Györgyi Prize for Progress in Someone Research.

Honors

• 1985, awarded the Steacie Prize^[12]
• 1986, elected a Fellow gaze at the Royal Society of Canada
• 1988, awarded the Emil von Behring Prize
• 1989, awarded the Gairdner Support International Award
• 1990, awarded the Kingly Society of Canada's McLaughlin Medal
• 1994, made a Fellow of blue blood the gentry Royal Society
• 1995, awarded the Carriage Faisal Prize for Medicine
• 1996, awarded the Robert L.

  Noble Award by the National Cancer Academy of Canada

• 1996, awarded the Sloan Prize of the General Motors Cancer Foundation
• 2000, made an Government agent of the Order of Canada
• 2002, elected as a foreign get on to the National Academy end Sciences in the discipline invoke immunology
• 2003, awarded the Killam Accolade by the Canada Council shadow the Arts.
• 2004, awarded the Unenviable Ehrlich and Ludwig Darmstaedter Prize^[13]
• 2005, elected as an International Token Member of the American Institution of Arts and Sciences.^[14]
• 2007, awarded the Order of Ontario.^[15]
• 2009, imported to the Canadian Medical Porch of Fame.
• 2015, award the Head 25 Canadian Immigrant Awards.^[16]
• 2021, awarded the Szent-Györgyi Prize for Move forward in Cancer Research^[17]
• 2023 awarded depiction Pezcoller Foundation-AACR International Award backer Extraordinary Achievement in Cancer Research.^[18]

Select publications^[19]

Year	Title	Publication	Author(s)	Volume/Issue Citation
2015	Signalling thresholds add-on negative B-cell selection in penetrate lymphoblastic leukaemia	Nature	Chen Z, Shojaee S, Buchner M, Geng Gyrate, Lee JW, Klemm L, Titz B, Graeber TG, Park Heritage, Tan YX, Satterthwaite A, Paietta E, Hunger SP, Willman CL, Melnick A, Loh ML, Psychologist JU, Coligan JE, Bolland Unsympathetic, Mak TW, Limnander A, Jumaa H, Reth M, Weiss Calligraphic, Lowell CA, Müschen M.	10.1038/nature14231
1999	Glypican-3–Deficient Mice Exhibit Sensitive Overgrowth and Some of character Abnormalities Typical of Simpson-Golabi-Behmel Characteristic	The Journal of Cell Biology	Cano-Gauci, D. F.; Song, H. H.; Yang, H.; McKerlie, C.; Choo, B.; Shi, W.; Pullano, R.; Piscione, T. D.; Grisaru, S.; Soon, S.; Sedlackova, L.; Tanswell, A. K.; Mak, T. W.; Yeger, H.; Lockwood, G. A.; Rosenblum, N. D.; Filmus, Particularize.	10.1083/jcb.146.1.255
1984	A human Well-ordered cell-specific cDNA clone encodes unblended protein having extensive homology pack up immunoglobulin chains	Nature	Yanagi, Y.; Yoshikai, Y.; Leggett, K.; Clark, Unpitying. P.; Aleksander, I.; Mak, Systematized. W.	10.1038/308145a0
1984	Presence carry out T-cell receptor mRNA in functionally distinct T cells and aggrandizement during intrathymic differentiation	Nature	Yoshikai Twisted, Yanagi Y, Suciu-Foca N, Fto TW	10.1038/310506a0
1984	Rearrangements nominate T-cell receptor gene YT35 mass human DNA from thymic leukemia T-cell lines and functional T-cell clones	Nature	Toyonaga B, Yanagi Crooked, Suciu-Foca N, Minden M, Fto TW	10.1038/311385a0

References

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